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Role of stair-climbing test in predicting postoperative cardiopulmonary complications in elderly patients

Pei-Tu REN BM, Bao-Chun LU MM, Zhi-Liang CHEN MM, Hong FU MM,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 77-81 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0005-x

摘要： One hundred and twenty-six patients above 80 years old with biliary diseases undergoing operations in Shaoxing People’s Hospital from Jan. 2002 to Jan. 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients performed a preoperative stair-climbing test, and the risks for cardiopulmonary €complications were evaluated with pair-matching and linear correlations analysis between stair-climbing height (h) and left ventricular ejective factor (EF), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV). There was a significant difference in the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications among different stair-climbing heights. Stair-climbing heights were positively related with EF, FVC and FEV. This suggests that the stair-climbing test is an effective and simple method for predicting cardiopulmonary complications in elderly patients with biliary diseases.

关键词： biliary disease cardiopulmonary complication stair-climbing test

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Innovative stair climber using associated wheels

Girish Sudhir MODAK,Manmohan Manikrao BHOOMKAR

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第3期页码 299-310 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0374-1

摘要：

The study proposes an innovative and completely new but low-cost configuration of a platform that can easily climb stairs. This platform serves the purpose of a chassis. Different versions, such as staircase-climbing wheelchair or staircase-climbing trolley for material transferring, can be derived depending on the structure built on the platform. The driving wheels have a shape that completely matches with the profile of the steps. Complex components are eliminated. Thus, this platform is conveniently applicable in the configurations useful for climbing staircases.

关键词： stair-climbing platform matching wheels impaired mobility affordable configuration

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一种用于寻找无人船回收海床基数据最佳通信点的梯度上升控制法 Research Papers

Jiu-cai JIN, Jie ZHANG, Zhi-chao LV

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第6期页码 751-759 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700732

摘要：给出了一种在无人船声学回收海床基数据时寻找最佳通信点的控制方法。众所周知，梯度上升极值寻找法常应用于多平台或多智能体，这是因为多平台能大范围测量且易于梯度估计。单一平台测量范围有限，不能快速估计测量场，难以迅速获得测量场极值。本文提出一种无人船振荡运动形式，以获取海床基与无人船间水声通信链路强度数据。基于多元加权线性递归法，利用无人船振荡运动获取的新数据，不断更新水声通信链路强度场。基于梯度上升和人工势场方法，考虑未知场的递归估计，设计无人船最佳通信点控制器，并证明其稳定性。仿真结果表明该算法可靠、高效。

关键词：无人船；数据回收；水声通信；梯度上升；极值寻找

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三峡工程齿轮齿条爬升式升船机设计

钮新强,覃利明,于庆奎

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第7期页码 96-103

摘要：

三峡升船机具有提升重量大、升程高、上下游通航水位变幅大、水位变率快等特点，是目前世界上规模和技术难度最大的升船机。经过方案比选，三峡升船机最终确定采用齿轮齿条爬升式，其设备构造复杂，制造、安装及土建结构施工精度要求很高，并首次采用中德联合设计方式。概要介绍了三峡工程齿轮齿条爬升式升船机的总体布置、以及塔柱结构、重要设备的设计方案与关键技术。

关键词：升船机爬升式安全机构行程同步

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三峡升船机液压自升式模板施工技术

戴志清

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第9期页码 22-26

摘要：

三峡升船机塔柱混凝土施工工期紧，精度要求高，为保证施工进度和质量，采用了液压自升式模板。本文重点介绍了三峡升船机塔柱混凝土液压自升式模板施工技术、自升式模板改进措施以及为满足自升式模板上升而在塔柱板梁、牛腿处进行的结构处理措施。实践证明，液压自升式模板施工技术的应用与改进满足了三峡升船机塔柱筒体混凝土的设计要求，有效地提高施工效率、节约了成本，保证了工程质量并提高施工的安全性，可为其他水电工程施工提供借鉴。

关键词：塔柱混凝土液压自升式模板混凝土浇筑三峡升船机

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The CatMath: an online predictive platform for thermal + electrocatalysis

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第12期页码 2156-2160 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2371-3

摘要： The catalytic volcano activity models are the quantified and visualized tools of the Sabatier principle for heterogeneous catalysis, which can depict the intrinsic activity optima and trends of a catalytic reaction as a function of the reaction descriptors, i.e., the bonding strengths of key reaction species. These models can be derived by microkinetic modeling and/or free energy changes in combination with the scaling relations among the reaction intermediates. Herein, we introduce the CatMath—an online platform for generating a variety of common and industrially important thermal + electrocatalysis. With the CatMath, users can request the volcano models for available reactions and analyze their materials of interests as potential catalysts. Besides, the CatMath provides the function of the online generation of Surface Pourbaix Diagram for surface state analysis under electrocatalytic conditions, which is an essential step before analyzing the activity of an electrocatalytic surface. All the model generation and analysis processes are realized by cloud computing via a user-friendly interface.

关键词： CatMath catalysis volcano activity plots Surface Pourbaix Diagrams online platform

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Learning from biological attachment devices: applications of bioinspired reversible adhesive methods in robotics

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0699-x

摘要： Many organisms have attachment organs with excellent functions, such as adhesion, clinging, and grasping, as a result of biological evolution to adapt to complex living environments. From nanoscale to macroscale, each type of adhesive organ has its own underlying mechanisms. Many biological adhesive mechanisms have been studied and can be incorporated into robot designs. This paper presents a systematic review of reversible biological adhesive methods and the bioinspired attachment devices that can be used in robotics. The study discussed how biological adhesive methods, such as dry adhesion, wet adhesion, mechanical adhesion, and sub-ambient pressure adhesion, progress in research. The morphology of typical adhesive organs, as well as the corresponding attachment models, is highlighted. The current state of bioinspired attachment device design and fabrication is discussed. Then, the design principles of attachment devices are summarized in this article. The following section provides a systematic overview of climbing robots with bioinspired attachment devices. Finally, the current challenges and opportunities in bioinspired attachment research in robotics are discussed.

关键词： adhesion bioinspired attachment biomimetic gripper climbing robot

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基于云制造的产品协同设计平台架构研究

魏巍,王宇飞,陶永

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第4期页码 34-41 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.04.014

摘要：

产品设计是提高产品质量和降低制造成本的关键环节，而云制造作为一种新的制造模式和集成技术正逐渐兴起，成为先进制造的重要发展方向。为了应对传统制造业向服务型和创新型制造业转变的挑战，本文在分析协同设计领域现状的基础上，总结了传统制造模式对海量资源共享和按需使用方面存在的问题。研究提出了一种基于云制造的产品协同设计平台架构，详细阐述了平台架构的各子层含义，构建云制造产品协同设计平台的云制造、产品族和产品平台、产品协同设计3类关键技术。最后，以某公司部署的云制造产品协同设计平台系统为例，分析了系统架构和功能，比较了云制造模式与传统制造模式在任务分配和任务完成时间上的差异，验证了云制造产品设计平台系统的有效性和优越性，并对该系统的实际应用和未来研
究方向进行了展望。

关键词：云制造协同设计产品平台资源封装平台架构

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Evacuation strategies for vertical ship lift during initial fire: Integrated application of stairs and elevators

Shu CHEN, Menghan SHANG, Jianping WANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期页码 135-147 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0125-1

摘要： Vertical ship lifts (VSLs) are widely used in navigation facilities worldwide because of their efficiency and low cost. Although several researchers have investigated fire evacuation strategies for reducing potential safety hazards in VSLs, an effective and integrated application of stairs and elevators when a fire occurs in a VSL is necessary. Several evacuation routes were analyzed according to VSL structure and evacuation times in this study. Objective function corresponding to the minimum vertical evacuation time and related simulation model was subsequently developed to obtain a cooperative evacuation plan considering different numbers of evacuees. The Three Gorges ship lift was used as an example, and simulation results indicate that number of evacuees and exit selection are the main influencing factors of the total evacuation time in the stair- and elevator-coordinated evacuation mode. Furthermore, the distance between people trapped in ship reception chamber and evacuation exits affects evacuees’ choice of exits. The proposed model can provide a theoretical reference for evacuation research during initial fire events in VSLs.

关键词： vertical ship lift initial fire fire evacuation numerical simulation stair elevator

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木质原料制取先进生物燃料正处在大规模产业化的前夜——迎接生物能源第二波浪潮

程序,石元春

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第1期页码 11-18

摘要：

近年来在欧美国家和地区出现了一批基于热化学平台、糖平台和羧酸盐平台的新型液、气生物燃料企业。其原料和技术路线与先前第一代生物燃油乃至第二代纤维素乙醇所采用的水解-发酵或酯交换工艺完全不同。突出的特点是使用木质纤维类原料，因而能将原来不能充分利用的木质素及半纤维素所含的能量（约占总能的四成）也转化入最终的生物合成油/气之中。从而为大规模利用林木类废弃/剩余物、能源林/灌木和木变油/气提供了前所未有的机遇。当前这些技术绝大部分已通过中试和示范规模的验证，经济可行性较强，正处于大规模产业化的前夜。用它们制取的多种先进生物燃料还有两个非常大的优点，即均属于所谓的“直接使用”类燃料，能以任何比例与常规汽、柴油掺混，或完全单独用于现有的发动机（不用改装发动机），亦无需像乙醇那样须有专用的储运设施；且均有70 %~90 %的CO2减排效果。我国在此领域也出现了好的苗头，在迎接全球生物能源第二波浪潮的激烈竞争中须也能够占有一席之地。

关键词：热化学平台；糖平台；羧酸盐平台；木质纤维类生物质；直接用的生物燃料；产业化

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High-precision gyro-stabilized control of a gear-driven platform with a floating gear tension device

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第3期页码 487-503 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0635-5

摘要： This study presents an improved compound control algorithm that substantially enhances the anti-disturbance performance of a gear-drive gyro-stabilized platform with a floating gear tension device. The tension device can provide a self-adjustable preload to eliminate the gap in the meshing process. However, the weaker gear support stiffness and more complex meshing friction are also induced by the tension device, which deteriorates the control accuracy and the ability to keep the aim point of the optical sensors isolated from the platform motion. The modeling and compensation of the induced complex nonlinearities are technically challenging, especially when base motion exists. The aim of this research is to cope with the unmeasured disturbances as well as the uncertainties caused by the base lateral motion. First, the structural properties of the gear transmission and the friction-generating mechanism are analyzed, which classify the disturbances into two categories: Time-invariant and time-varying parts. Then, a proportional-integral controller is designed to eliminate the steady-state error caused by the time-invariant disturbance. A proportional multiple-integral-based state augmented Kalman filter is proposed to estimate and compensate for the time-varying disturbance that can be approximated as a polynomial function. The effectiveness of the proposed compound algorithm is demonstrated by comparative experiments on a gear-drive pointing system with a floating gear tension device, which shows a maximum 76% improvement in stabilization precision.

关键词： inertially stabilized platform floating gear tension device nonlinear friction disturbance compensation proportional multiple-integral observer

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工业互联网平台：发展趋势与挑战

王晨,宋亮,李少昆

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第2期页码 15-19 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.02.003

摘要：

随着制造业和新一代互联网、信息化技术的融合，工业互联网高速发展。无论是国际制造业的领先企业，还是我国的制造业国家战略都明确了工业互联网平台研发的重要性。本文对工业互联网平台的发展趋势进行了阐释，并对平台在用户生态、开发者生态和数据生态构建中的挑战展开了分析，并有针对性地探讨了工业互联网平台在工业大数据系统与工业数据建模和分析方面所遇到的技术挑战。

关键词：工业互联网平台工业大数据数据分析

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Biomedical sensor technologies on the platform of mobile phones

Lin LIU, Jing LIU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第6卷第2期页码 160-175 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0216-0

摘要：

Biomedical sensors have been widely used in various areas of biomedical practices, which play an important role in disease detection, diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, health management, and so on. However, most of them and their related platforms are generally not easily accessible or just too expensive or complicated to be kept at home. As an alternative, new technologies enabled from the mobile phones are gradually changing such situations. As can be freely available to almost everyone, mobile phone offers a unique way to improve the conventional medical care through combining with various biomedical sensors. Moreover, the established systems will be both convenient and low cost. In this paper, we present an overview on the state-of-art biomedical sensors, giving a brief introduction of the fundamental principles and showing several new examples or concepts in the area. The focus was particularly put on interpreting the technical strategies to innovate the biomedical sensor technologies based on the platform of mobile phones. Some challenging issues, including feasibility, usability, security, and effectiveness, were discussed. With the help of electrical and mechanical technologies, it is expected that a full combination between the biomedical sensors and mobile phones will bring a bright future for the coming pervasive medical care.

关键词： biomedical sensor pervasive technology mobile phone combined system health management

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Vibration characteristics and machining performance of a novel perforated ultrasonic vibration platform

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0730-2

摘要： Ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding (UVAG) is an advanced hybrid process for the precision machining of difficult-to-cut materials. The resonator is a critical part of the UVAG system. Its performance considerably influences the vibration amplitude and resonant frequency. In this work, a novel perforated ultrasonic vibration platform resonator was developed for UVAG. The holes were evenly arranged at the top and side surfaces of the vibration platform to improve the vibration characteristics. A modified apparent elasticity method (AEM) was proposed to reveal the influence of holes on the vibration mode. The performance of the vibration platform was evaluated by the vibration tests and UVAG experiments of particulate-reinforced titanium matrix composites. Results indicate that the reasonable distribution of holes helps improve the resonant frequency and vibration mode. The modified AEM, the finite element method, and the vibration tests show a high degree of consistency for developing the perforated ultrasonic vibration platform with a maximum frequency error of 3%. The employment of ultrasonic vibration reduces the grinding force by 36% at most, thereby decreasing the machined surface defects, such as voids, cracks, and burnout.

关键词： ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding perforated ultrasonic vibration platform vibration characteristics apparent elasticity method grinding force surface integrity